Cropland changes in times of conflict, reconstruction, and economic development in Iraqi Kurdistan

Summary, in English

The destruction of land and forced migration during the Anfal attacks against the Kurds in Iraq in the late 1980s has been reported to have severe consequences for agricultural development. A reconstruction program to aid people in returning to their lands was launched in 1991. To assess the agricultural situation in the Duhok governorate during the pre-Anfal (A), post-Anfal (B), reconstruction (C), and present (D) periods, we mapped winter crops by focusing on inter-annual variability in vegetation greenness, using satellite images. The results indicate a decrease in cultivated area between period A and B, and a small increase between period B and C. This supports reports of a decline in cultivated area related to the Anfal campaign, and indicates increased activity during the reconstruction program. Period D showed a potential recovery with a cropland area similar to period A.

• Author: Lina Eklund; Andreas Persson; Petter Pilesjö
• Department/s: Centre for Advanced Middle Eastern Studies (CMES); Dept of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science; Centre for Geographical Information Systems (GIS Centre); MECW: The Middle East in the Contemporary World
• Publishing year: 2016
• Language: English
• Pages: 78-88
• Publication/Series: Ambio: a Journal of the Human Environment
• Volume: 45
• Issue: 1
• Full text: - 2 MB; Download statistics
• Links: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13280-015-0686-0
• Document type: Journal article
• Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media B.V.
• Topic: Other Earth Sciences (including Geographical Information Science)
• Keywords: Agriculture; Conflict; Crop phenology; Iraqi Kurdistan; NDVI
• Status: Published
• ISBN/ISSN/Other: ISSN: 0044-7447